The main aim of this book is to evaluate the concept of stress and provide tools for physicians to identify patients who might benefit from stress management. This will incorporate a detailed description of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic stress that might lead to cardiovascular disease. The book will aim to critically evaluate interventional research (behavioural and other therapies) and provide evidence based recommendations on how to manage stress in the cardiovascular patient. Our intentions are to define and highlight stress as an etiological factor for cardiovascular disease, and to describe an evidence based "tool box" that physicians may use to identify and manage patients in whom stress may be an important contributing factor for their disease and their risk of suffering cardiovascular complications.

This volume arose from a discussion meeting entitled "Applied Psychophysiology in Cardiovascular Research: Clinical and Methodological Issues" held in May 1984 in Linz, Federal Republic of Germany. The meeting was orga- nised by the Commission of the European Communities' Con- certed Action on Quantification of Parameters for the study of Breakdown in Human Adaptation, in conjunction wi th the Department of Internal Medicine, Uni versi ty of Bonn. The Concerted Action is part of the Medical and Public Health Research Programme of the CEC, and its pur- pose is to encourage multidisciplinary research into the development, refinement and standardisation of parameters used to measure psychosocial, physiological and endocri- nological aspects of breakdown. This meeting is one of a series in which detailed consideration is given to spe- cific methodological issues within the field of research linking stress with disease. However, the contributions to this book have been extended and restructured consid- erably since their presentation at the meeting. Addition- al chapters have been prepared that address important is- sues which were not discussed at the meeting itself. The editors are grateful to the Commission of the Europe- an Communities and the University of Bonn for their sup- port, and also acknowledge the financial assistance of Bayer AG, Ciba/Geigy, Hoffman-La Roche, Boehringer Ing- heim and Ver1a-Pharm. We extend special thanks to Sue Wilson for the care with which she has prepared the manu- script for publication.

The health effects of psychosocial factors are a widely discussed and controversial topic. Do positive and negative emotions affect our risk of developing physical disease? Are depressive individuals more likely to have cancer than those with an optimistic outlook on life? And what is the role of IQ in staying healthy and recovering from disease? Importantly, can we improve our health and life expectancy by avoiding certain psychosocial risk factors and maximizing positive psychological well-being? These and other questions are the focus of psychosocial epidemiology, a discipline linking psychological, social and biological sciences. The Routledge International Handbook of Psychosocial Epidemiology is the first book to map this growing discipline. Including contributions from many of the leading researchers in the field, it is divided into five sections: Part I: Methodological challenges in studying psychosocial factors and health; Part II: Psychosocial factors in the etiology and prognosis of chronic diseases; Part III: Controversies in the psychosocial approach; Part IV: Interventions and policy implications Part V: Future research directions Taking advantage of a huge growth in research in recent years, the book provides the reader with the essentials to evaluate the diverse set of studies on psychosocial factors and health that are published today, and describes study designs in this field of research, progress in judging the validity of epidemiological evidence, as well as challenges in translating evidence into action. This is an important and timely book. Providing methodological rigour, critical analysis and the policy implications of this emerging field of study, The Routledge International Handbook of Psychosocial Epidemiology will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers within both behavioural and medical sciences, as well as policy makers and others working in health and social care.

Understanding the links among social environment, emotion, behavior, and illness is a growing theme in medical and health education. The booming development in this field is reflected in the growth of disciplines such as health psychology, psychosocial epidemiology, and behavioral medicine. Until now, however, the basic literature has been awkwardly dispersed across medical and social science journals. Now the most important articles of the past thirty years are brought together in a single volume. The thirty-one articles are grouped around themes such as "Life stress, social support and health," "Psychophysiological processes in diseases," and "Behavioral interventions in medicine." The articles include such provocative topics as "Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease?," "Psychological response to breast cancer: effect on outcome," and "Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold." Each section is prefaced by an up-to-date review of the subject by the volume editors. Uniting biomedical, psychological, and social perspectives, this text will be an invaluable resource for both scholars and students of medicine, health sciences, and clinical and health psychology.

Depression and physical illness are intimately related. Depressed mood is thought to contribute to the development and progression of some illnesses, while physical illness can in turn increase the risk of depression. This book provides a critical overview of the evidence linking depression with several major health conditions, including coronary heart disease, diabetes, cancer, chronic pain, disability, chronic fatigue and obesity. It also explores the biological and behavioural processes underlying the association, discussing the role of neuroendocrine, immunological and inflammatory pathways, and the relationship between depression and health behaviours such as smoking, physical activity and adherence to medical advice. It combines a thorough analysis of the clinical, biological and epidemiological data with guidance to health professionals and patients on how to manage depression in people suffering from physical illness, pointing the way to an integrated approach to health care.

The main aim of this book is to evaluate the concept of stress and provide tools for physicians to identify patients who might benefit from stress management. This will incorporate a detailed description of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic stress that might lead to cardiovascular disease. The book will aim to critically evaluate interventional research (behavioural and other therapies) and provide evidence based recommendations on how to manage stress in the cardiovascular patient. Our intentions are to define and highlight stress as an etiological factor for cardiovascular disease, and to describe an evidence based "tool box" that physicians may use to identify and manage patients in whom stress may be an important contributing factor for their disease and their risk of suffering cardiovascular complications.

Behavioral medicine emerged in the 1970s as the interdisciplinary field concerned with the integration of behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical science knowledge relevant to the understanding of health and illness, and the application of this knowledge to prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Recent years have witnessed an enormous diversification of behavioral medicine, with new sciences (such as genetics, life course epidemiology) and new technologies (such as neuroimaging) coming into play. This book brings together such new developments by providing an up-to-date compendium of methods and applications drawn from the broad range of behavioral medicine research and practice. The book is divided into 10 sections that address key fields in behavioral medicine. Each section begins with one or two methodological or conceptual chapters, followed by contributions that address substantive topics within that field. Major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, HIV/AIDs, and obesity are explored from multiple perspectives. The aim is to present behavioral medicine as an integrative discipline, involving diverse methodologies and paradigms that converge on health and well being.

Behavioral medicine emerged in the 1970s as the interdisciplinary field concerned with the integration of behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical science knowledge relevant to the understanding of health and illness, and the application of this knowledge to prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Recent years have witnessed an enormous diversification of behavioral medicine, with new sciences (such as genetics, life course epidemiology) and new technologies (such as neuroimaging) coming into play. This book brings together such new developments by providing an up-to-date compendium of methods and applications drawn from the broad range of behavioral medicine research and practice. The book is divided into 10 sections that address key fields in behavioral medicine. Each section begins with one or two methodological or conceptual chapters, followed by contributions that address substantive topics within that field. Major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, HIV/AIDs, and obesity are explored from multiple perspectives. The aim is to present behavioral medicine as an integrative discipline, involving diverse methodologies and paradigms that converge on health and well being."

Mozart's collaborations with the librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte led to the composition of three of the greatest masterpieces in all opera: Le nozze di Figaro, Don Giovanni, and Così fan tutte. This book sets the scene for these popular operas by describing the cultural and social context in which they were written, Mozart's hopes and expectations for his works, and the trends in his musical style that emerge in these compositions.